EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE INSTITUTE OF CHILDREN'S READING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS ABOUT CHILDREN'S LITERATURE AND CHILDREN'S WRITERS (1920-1933)

Abstract

The article is analyzed the educational activities of the Institute of Children's Reading on the development of pedagogical ideas about children's literature and children's writers. In 1920–1933, the Institute of Children's Reading (since 1923, the Department of Children's Reading of the Research Institute of Extracurricular Activities, and since 1931, the Institute of Children's Literature and Children's Reading) was a leading research and methodological center in children's pedagogy. reading, which had an all-Union scale of activity with a constructive, though not fully implemented scientific program. The structure of the Institute is characterized (children's reading room, library of a wide range of children's books, reading room for adults, reference bureau, literary and publishing commission, storytelling section); main directions of educational activity of the institute staff (study of the history of children's literature; development of methodological bases of forming the reading circle of the younger generation; compilation of bibliographic indexes; sociological study of children's libraries and their readers; conducting experimental work in the field of children's reading psychology). It was found that the staff of the Institute prepared two volumes of materials on the history of children’s literature, a bibliography of children’s books, thorough articles about children’s writers of the past; A dictionary of children's writers was being prepared for publication, for which about 2,000 cards were painted and five bulletins "New Children's Books" were published. The role of the Institute Conference on the Problems of Children's Reading, held on May 3-7, 1921, in the development of a program for the study of children's literature was revealed.

The activity of the commission on children's literature, which was in charge of the recommended bibliography and replenishment of children's libraries under the direction of P.  Rubtsova, was analyzed. For the first time in the history of domestic librarianship, the commission staff justified the need to survey children's library readers, which helps to determine the nature and scope of reading, the impact of the social environment on readers' requests and literary development of the child. The results of the study of reading interests of more than seven thousand children-readers from 54 libraries of the USSR conducted by P. Rubtsova was generalized and analyzed. It is proved that the employees of the Institute for the first time tried to study the nature of perception of fiction by deviant children, put forward the idea of ​​socio-cultural rehabilitation of the individual in the process of its involvement in books, reading, library.