FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL IN THE WORKS OF G. SKOVORODA, K. USHINSKYI AND V. SUKHOMLYNSKYI

Abstract

In our research we examine the scientific and pedagogical heritage of famous Ukrainian teachers G. Skovoroda, K. Ushinskyi and V. Sukhomlinskyi in terms of fundamental principles of pedagogy (nature, inequality, developmental learning). Analyzing the development of pedagogical views of Ukrainian scientists on environmentally friendly, developmental learning, the author integrates and deepens them, as well as defines these principles as a strict scientific definition. It is noted that there is a close relationship and interaction among the principles of environmental compliance, developmental learning, and unequal equality. The principle of unequal equality (by G.Skovoroda) has not yet been actualized in the Ukrainian pedagogy. His works do not appear in textbooks on pedagogy.Namely, he allows us to say that under no, even ideal learning conditions, it will not be possible to achieve equally high academic achievements with all pupils. It is very important for teachers and administrative managers at different levels, and especially supervisors, to be aware of this issue.If this principle is ignored, the teaching of pupils will be dominated by authoritarian teaching methods, as a result the school will not perform one of its main functions: to educate and comprehensively develop pupils on all levels. The above principles are especially relevant in the current environment, when the secondary education is being systematically reformed according to the concept of "New Ukrainian School".