Family as a subject of a successful social adaptation of children of junior school age with visual disturbance

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the role of the family in the social adaptation of children of elementary school age with visual impairment. The analysis of concepts “adaptation", “socialization" and “disadaptation" are carried out. The problems faced by children with visual impairments are revealed. It is noted that adaptation is a key element contributing to human socialization, in particular, adaptation mechanisms are included in problem situations. Attention is paid to the development of adaptation mechanisms of this category of children to society. It is emphasized that it is in the family that the primary socialization of the individual takes place, the first social roles are assimilated, the basic values ​​of life are laid, the formation of the personality takes place. The family is considered as a social institution, a center for the formation of life skills, the transfer of traditions and behavioral scenarios. The features of education and formation of the personality of the child with visual impairments are outlined. In particular, the educational potential focuses on the first three years of a child’s life. An important role is played by the formation of the self-esteem of the child with visual impairment. Early school age can be considered a sentimental period. Emphasizes the role of parents acting as intermediaries between society and the child. Thus, they help to establish contact with peers, help to establish communication. Attention is drawn to a person-oriented approach to a child with visual impairment. It is determined that children need psychological and pedagogical support.