Forming of universal competences of future doctors by means of fiction

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of universal future pathologists’ competencies formation by means of fiction. It should be noted that current professional training of future healthcare professionals undergoes in the context of implementing a competency approach, that’s why the authors emphasize the relevance of the formation of both: special (specific, subject-specific) and basic (leading, key, universal) competencies. Universal competencies of future pathologists include personal qualities and abilities, in particular, initiativity, capacity to establish professional communication on the basis of tolerance, talent to adapt themselves in new non-standard situations, readiness to analyze critically and evaluate adequately the results of professional activity, ability to give reasons for personal point of view, etc.
The authors note that the degree of scientific substantiation of the problem of formation of future pathologists’ professional readiness in the educational environment of higher educational establishments does not correspond to the level of relevance of the identified problem, its theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical and methodological bases of future physicians’ acquaintance with the pathanatomical subject in different genres of fiction in the context of the competence approach implementation in the institutions of higher medical education of Ukraine are not sufficiently covered.
It is emphasized that due to the acquaintance of future pathologists with medical problems in different genres of fiction, first of all, due to the Doctor trope, as well as the study of creative achievements of doctors-writers, the formation of an idea of the medical profession is noted. This formation requires awareness of the maximum responsibility for own actions, systematic psychological and physical activity, willingness to solve extraordinary, non-standard tasks.
The artistic descriptions of illness and death in literary works vividly complement their story line. Having analyzed the works of M. Bulgakov, V. Stefanyk, M. Kotsiubynsky, O. Kobylianska, the authors of the article emphasize the need to use fiction in the formation of universal future pathologists’ competences. Familiarity with fiction contributes to the formation in future pathologists of value orientations and the development of their personal qualities (cognitive, creative, communicative, ideological), which constitute the valuable spiritual and ethical basis of their future professional activity.